In addition to Earth, astrology encompasses ten planets, including the Sun and the Moon (considered planets in astrology), as well as Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, and Pluto. These celestial bodies play specific roles in astrology, with the Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus, and Mars considered personal planets. Asteroids are also utilized in astrology to refine themes present in the natal chart, as well as in synastry and mundane astrology.

Minor celestial bodies, such as the Dark Moon, asteroids, and the nodal axis, are also considered, often addressed towards the conclusion of discussions on astrology. Each planet serves a distinct function in the natal chart, representing specific energies influenced by the zodiac sign it occupies and primarily affecting the area of life indicated by the house it resides in.

Planets are categorized into two classes: personal planets, or fast-moving planets, and collective planets, or slow-moving planets. While the Sun and the Moon are technically Luminaries, they are commonly referred to as planets in astrology for simplicity. In ancient teachings, astrologers primarily utilized the first seven planets due to limitations in observing beyond Saturn, which included the Sun, the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn.